At present, domestic carbon neutrality has been put on the agenda, and more than 120 countries around the world have proposed carbon neutrality goals. The proposal of carbon neutrality provides a new development opportunity for the electric vehicle market. The electric vehicle market is hot. According to Canalys' forecast, global electric vehicle (EV) sales will be 2.6 million in the first and second quarters of 2021, a year-on-year increase of 160%.

In electric vehicles, the battery is the main core part, and the performance of the battery directly determines the charging speed, vehicle endurance and safety issues. In order to solve these problems, improve battery efficiency and extend battery life, car companies have added BMS technology to electric vehicles to monitor battery data in real time.

What role does BMS play in electric vehicles and its realization form

The BMS system mainly plays a role in the management of battery charging and discharging in electric vehicles. The BMS system can perform battery status analysis, power management, battery information management, battery status monitoring, and battery protection. Through systematic management, the battery can avoid battery overcharging, overdischarging, and overheating, and improve battery performance and service life.

The BMS system is mainly implemented in two forms: centralized and distributed. The centralized BMS collects and monitors battery pack data through a bus. The centralized BMS is divided into a high-voltage zone and a low-voltage zone. The high-voltage zone collects data from single cells, and the low-voltage zone mainly integrates power supply and communication lines. The centralized BMS system has the characteristics of low cost and simple topology, and is generally used in low-voltage, small-capacity batteries, such as robots and small two-wheel electric vehicles.

Distributed BMS is modularized and hierarchically managed. Each group of batteries will be matched with the LECU, and data such as voltage and temperature of the battery cells will be collected to determine the state of the battery. The high-voltage area is responsible for monitoring the status of the total battery voltage, total bus voltage, and insulation resistance. The data collected by the LECU and high-pressure zone is analyzed and then entered into the BMU to be summarized and transmitted to the BSE. Ultimately, BSE makes the judgment.

Competition is inevitable under the wind. Electric vehicles are developing rapidly. Many chip manufacturers have launched BMS chips to provide car companies with more choices.

In automobiles, the BMS system is equivalent to the bridge between the vehicle and the kinetic energy management system. The performance of the BMS IC has an impact on the safety, battery life, and mileage of electric vehicles. BMS systems with higher sampling accuracy and faster speed can maximize battery utilization and improve stability and reliability.