Differences among lithium iron phosphate battery, polymer lithium battery and ternary lithium battery. Endurance, charge and discharge of electric vehicles; All applications of outdoor power supply are also inextricably linked with the function of battery. Now the most widely used batteries in the market are lithium iron phosphate battery, polymer lithium battery and ternary lithium battery. The three batteries have their own characteristics.

Differences among lithium iron phosphate battery, polymer lithium battery and ternary lithium battery

Polymer lithium battery

Polymer lithium battery generally refers to polymer lithium ion battery. The positive and negative electrode data of polymer lithium battery are the same as that of liquid lithium ion. The positive electrode data are divided into lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, ternary data and lithium iron phosphate data. The negative electrode is graphite, and the battery operation principle is also common. The principle of polymer lithium battery is the same as that of liquid lithium. The main difference is that the electrolyte is different from that of liquid lithium. The primary structure of the battery includes three elements: positive electrode, negative electrode and electrolyte. The so-called polymer lithium-ion battery means that at least one or more of the three primary structures use polymer data as the primary battery system. In the developed polymer lithium-ion battery system, polymer materials are mainly used in cathode and electrolyte.

Advantages of polymer lithium battery

• The operating voltage of single battery is as high as 3.6V ~ 3.8V, which is much higher than the 1.2V voltage of Ni MH and Ni Cd batteries.

• The capacity density is large, which is 1.5 ~ 2.5 times higher than that of Ni MH battery or Ni Cd battery.

• The self discharge is small, and its capacity is also small after being placed for a long time.

• The service life is long, and the cycle life can reach more than 500 times under normal use.

• There is no recall effect. There is no need to empty the remaining power before charging, which is convenient to use.

• Good safety function. The polymer lithium battery adopts aluminum-plastic flexible packaging in structure, which is different from the metal shell of liquid cell. Once there is a potential safety hazard, the liquid cell is easy to explode, while the polymer cell will only inflate at most.

• The thickness is small and can be made thinner. Ultra thin, batteries can be assembled into credit cards. The ordinary liquid lithium battery adopts the method of customizing the shell first and then plugging the positive and negative data. The thickness is less than 3.6mm, which has a skill bottleneck. The polymer cell does not have this problem. The thickness can be less than 1mm, which meets the current demand direction of mobile phones.

• The battery with light weight and polymer electrolyte does not need a metal shell as a protective outer package. The weight of polymer battery is 40% lighter than that of steel shell lithium battery with the same capacity and 20% lighter than that of aluminum shell battery.

• With large capacity, polymer batteries are 10-15% higher than steel shell batteries of the same standard and 5-10% higher than aluminum shell batteries. They have become the first choice for color screen mobile phones and MMS mobile phones. Now most of the new color screens and MMS mobile phones on the market also use polymer cells.

• Small internal resistance

• The internal resistance of polymer cell is smaller than that of general liquid cell. Now the internal resistance of domestic polymer cell can even be less than 35m Ω, which greatly reduces the self power consumption of battery and prolongs the standby time of mobile phone, which can reach the level in line with international standards. This polymer lithium battery supporting large discharge current is an ideal choice for remote control model, and has become the most promising product to replace Ni MH battery.

•  The shape can be customized

• The manufacturer is not limited to the standard shape, but can economically make it into a suitable size. Polymer lithium batteries can add or reduce the cell thickness according to the needs of customers, develop new cell types, with low price and short mold opening cycle. Some can even be customized according to the shape of mobile phones, so as to make full use of the battery shell space and improve the battery capacity.

• Brief planning of protection board

Due to the selection of polymer materials, the cell does not fire and explode, and the cell itself has satisfactory safety. Therefore, the protection circuit planning of polymer battery can consider saving PTC and fuse, and then saving battery cost.

Lithium iron phosphate battery

Lithium iron phosphate battery refers to a lithium-ion battery using lithium iron phosphate as the positive material. The cathode materials of lithium batteries mainly include lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, lithium nickel oxide, ternary materials, lithium iron phosphate, etc. Meanwhile, lithium cobalt oxide is the cathode material used in most lithium-ion batteries. For the cathode data of LiFePO4, its data origin is relatively wide, the cycle life is long, the safety index is also high, and the environmental pollution is small. It shows a very strong inductive function in many cathode data.

When LiFePO4 lithium iron phosphate battery is charged, the lithium ion Li in the positive electrode moves to the negative electrode through the polymer diaphragm; During the discharge, the lithium ion Li in the negative electrode moves to the positive electrode through the diaphragm. Lithium ion battery is named because lithium ion moves back and forth during charge and discharge.

Advantages of lithium iron phosphate battery

• Lithium iron phosphate battery has a long life and cycle life of more than 2000 times. Under the same conditions, lithium iron phosphate battery can be used for 7 to 8 years.

• Use safety. Lithium iron phosphate battery has passed strict safety inspection and will not explode even in traffic accidents.

• Fast charging. Using a special charger, the battery can be fully charged at 1.5C for 40 minutes.

• Lithium iron phosphate battery is resistant to high temperature, and the hot air value of lithium iron phosphate battery can reach 350 to 500 ℃.

• Lithium iron phosphate battery has large capacity.

• Lithium iron phosphate battery has no recall effect.

• Lithium iron phosphate battery is green, non-toxic and pollution-free. It has a wide range of raw materials and is cheap.

Ternary lithium battery

Ternary lithium battery refers to a lithium battery using nickel cobalt lithium manganate as positive material and graphite as negative material. Different from lithium iron phosphate, the voltage path of ternary lithium battery is very high, which means that the specific energy and power of ternary lithium battery are greater under the same volume or weight. In addition, ternary lithium batteries also have great advantages in high rate charging, low temperature resistance and other functions. Compared with lithium iron phosphate battery, ternary lithium battery is more used to household electric vehicles now and in the future.

The ternary lithium battery has better low-temperature resistance and is the primary skill for manufacturing low-temperature lithium batteries. At minus 20 ° C, the ternary lithium battery can release 70.14% of the capacity, while the lithium iron phosphate battery can only release 54.94% of the capacity. Moreover, under low temperature conditions, the discharge path of the ternary lithium battery is much higher than that of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and the voltage path starts faster.

Lithium iron phosphate battery is better than ternary lithium battery. The theoretical life of ternary lithium battery is 2000 times, but when the base reaches 1000 cycles, the capacity decreases to 60%; Even Tesla, the best brand in the industry, can only maintain 70% power after 3000 times, while lithium iron phosphate battery has 80% capacity after the same cycle.

The above is the difference between lithium iron phosphate battery, polymer lithium battery and ternary lithium battery. As for which kind of battery to choose, you need to compare it yourself and choose the appropriate lithium battery according to the actual situation.

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